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UPI Newstime
UPI Newstime was a cable television network founded by United Press International in 1978, and premiering July 3rd of that year. UPI Newstime was the first 24-hour all-news television network in the USA for cable TV, predating CNN by 2 years. UPI Newstime was unique in how it distributed its programming to local cable tv (CATV) headends, using a form of slow-scan television, or SSTV technology. Using SSTV reduced satellite transmission costs for UPI and was suitable at the time for the programming produced by UPI for the channel, which mainly relied on still slides and wirephotos acquired by UPI's own newsgathering operations.
UPI Newstime's newscasts were broadcast around the clock in 15-minute blocks with frequent updates. It consisted of black & white still images & graphics refreshed on-screen every 8.5 seconds, with accompanying audio annotating the imagery produced by UPI from studio and remote audio feeds provided by UPI Audio. The programming was produced initially by Newstime's studios in regular NTSC video format, with each 15-minute newscast being edited and mastered to U-Matic-format 3/4" videotape. The video from the tape was then converted into a audio-compatible narrow-bandwidth 8 KHz-wide black & white SSTV signal, using special narrowband SSTV video equipment designed & manufactured by Colorado Video, Inc. (CVI). From there, it was then transmitted via satellite (through the facilities of Satellite Syndicated Systems, Inc. (SSS)) on two audio subcarriers, both "piggybacked" on the satellite transponder carrying Superstation WTCG (now TBS) at the time (who also utilized SSS' satellite facilities); one for the SSTV-encoded video, and another for Newstime's program audio (along with WTCG's audio subcarrier and main video carrier on the transponder). From there, cable tv systems would receive Newstime's SSTV video & audio signals from these subcarriers, and convert them using a SSTV decoder also supplied by CVI, back into a NTSC-standard video channel with audio to be distributed on a cable TV system's channel.
Newstime was discontinued sometime around 1981, after competing news networks like CNN which utilized regular full-motion color NTSC video like traditional TV channels, started to take away Newstime's viewership and thus made its operations less economically viable. UPI planned to discontinue Newstime and offer their existing text-based "Cable Newswire" service as a substitute for the CATV systems that carried Newstime. But UPI decided to hand over operations of Newstime on April 30, 1981 to a Atlanta-based television & radio production company, Eastern Broadcast Services (EBS), with the intention of EBS continuning the Newstime service.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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